The concerns are not totally unfounded, and very real problems do exist for the horses themselves. Wild horses are now protected from human hunters, eliminating their greatest predator. Other than an occasional mountain lion attack, there are no natural predators. If not controlled, the mustang herds would grow so big they would overwhelm their range, leaving horses vulnerable to starvation, thirst and disease; crowding out other wildlife; using up much needed resources by rancher's herds; and causing even more problems as housing developments continue to spread into horse country.

Clearly the problem is an ongoing one. The arguments from all sides have basis in fact and are complex and multifaceted. The solution can only be approached from a variety of perspectives as well. There are many options for the future management of this admirable animal; some already implemented and others planned for the future.

Man has accomplished a great deal in partnership with these creatures of beauty and grace, and the horse has contributed significantly to the settling, securing and flourishing of this country. After examining the history of man's relationship with the horse and the current problems they face from a myriad of perspectives, we may better understand the necessity of preserving this icon of our past, insuring them the dignity and freedom they require to survive today.